homeostasis and disease

HOMEOSTASIS: homeo = similar and stasis = position stability. It is the search for balance of systems and in particular of living. All living organisms are born with devices designed to automatically solve the basic problems of life.

So that the body cells will survive, the composition of the surrounding fluid must be maintained in a precise way at all times. The fluid found outside of cells is called extracellular fluid (extra = outside) (LEC) and has two main locations. The LEC that occupies the narrow spaces between the cells is the interstitial fluid (inter = between) intercellular fluid or tissue fluid. The LEC existing blood vessels is the plasma. The fluid inside the cells is the intracellular fluid (intra = within) (LIC). The plasma flows from the arteries and arterioles microscopic vessels called capillaries. Certain plasma components leave the blood through the capillaries and the liquid flows through the spaces between cells of the organism. In these places called interstitial fluid. Most of the liquid returns to the capillaries in the form of plasma and passes venules and veins. Part of the interstitial fluid becomes lymphatic vessels called capillaries microscopic nodes. In them, the liquid is called lymph. Ultimately, the lymph back to blood.

As the interstitial fluid surrounding every cell in the body, usually disqualifies the name of the internal environment. Among the substances dissolved in water LEC and LIC is gases, nutrients and electrically charged chemical particles called ions such as sodium (Na +) and chlorine (Cl-), necessary to sustain life. 

It is said that a body is in homeostasis when its internal environment

  1) has the optimum concentration of gases, nutrients, ions and water,

  2) the optimal temperature

3) has an optimum volume for the health of the cells. When homeostasis is disrupted can cause illness. If not recovered fluids homeostasis, the end result can be death

Homeostasis by regulating the nervous and endocrine systems

The body's homeostatic responses are regulated by the nervous system and endocrine system, which act in unison or independently. The nervous system regulates homeostasis detecting deviations that occur in relation to the equilibrium state and sending messages as nerve impulses to the appropriate bodies to counteract stress. For example, when activated fibers (cells), muscle consume a large amount of oxygen from the blood, while producing much carbon dioxide, which also penetrates it. Certain nerve cells detect these chemical changes of the blood and send impulses to the brain that, in response to them, sends impulses to the heart to pump blood in a faster and more powerful to the lungs, so they expel the anhydride carbon and oxygen uptake encourage faster. At the same time, the brain sends nerve impulses to muscles that control breathing to contract more frequently. As a result, more carbon dioxide is expelled and inhaled more oxygen.

The endocrine system (a group of glands that emit into the blood some chemical regulators called hormones) also involved in the regulation of homeostasis. While rapid changes nerve impulses, hormones tend to act more slowly. Both regulatory mechanisms work together to achieve the same goal, to maintain homeostasis.

Disease: imbalance of homeostasis

While the various processes of the body to remain within the limits of normal saline, the cells in the body operate efficiently and maintain homeostasis (health). However, when one or more components of the body lose their ability to contribute to homeostasis organic processes do not work efficiently. If the imbalance of homeostasis is moderate disease may occur, while if intense can lead to death of the individual.

The disease is any alteration in relation to health status of a part or the whole organism, it does not work normally. A local disease is affecting a party or a limited area of the body. A general or systemic disease affects the entire body or several parts. Each disease alters the structure and function in a specific organic. A patient may have some more symptoms

The symptoms are subjective alterations of body functions that are not apparent to an observer, for example, headache or nausea. The objective changes that the clinician can observe and measure are called signs. Signs may be anatomical or functional: sweating, fever, rash, paralysis, etc..

The science that is why, when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted in the human community is called epidemiology (epi = on or between, demos = people, logos = study). The science that deals with the effects and uses of drugs for the treatment of diseases is pharmacology (pharmakon = drug or poison).

diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis (dia = through; gnosis = knowledge) is the art of distinguishing one disease from another or to determine the nature of the disease. It is one of the first steps in the assessment of the disease, which usually follows the completion of the clinical history and physical examination. A medical history is information that is collected on previous events that may be related to the patient's illness (major discomfort, history of present illness, past medical problems, family medical problems, social history and summary of symptoms) . Physical examination is an assessment consisting methodical inspection (vision of the patient or the inside with various instruments), palpation (touch to discover irregularities), auscultation (listening), percussion (gentle tapping), measurement of vital signs (temperature, pulse, respiratory rate and blood pressure) and, sometimes, lab.

There are two main reasons that cause disease and suffering: the first is physical, food and bad-breath, the second is psychic-reflection and feeling bad.

Many of the diseases are caused by disorders of feeling: many diseases are due to confusion of thought. When diseases are caused by disturbances in thinking, play the muscular system and lungs. When the conditions are more of a sentimental, they damage the heart, liver, respiratory system and blood vessels.

Man's thoughts penetrate the intermolecular spaces of the brain nervous system, and feelings penetrate the intermolecular spaces of the sympathetic. If man does not allow his thoughts to realize itself, causes an explosion in the cerebral nervous system. And if some of his emotions cause an explosion in the sympathetic.

The discordant thoughts shatter the nervous system, brain, feelings shatter the sympathetic dissonant and discordant actions bother the muscular and skeletal systems.

Every state appears as the man is the result of two contradictory thoughts, two contradictory feelings or two opposing actions of will.

All the world's diseases such as rheumatism, sciatica, headaches and many others are the result of restrained emotions. Give free rein to Love, not stifle, not Hinder

Each restrained emotions a certain irregularity in heart functions and therefore in the vital pulse.

When one worries too much, this concern causes heartburn first, which is transmitted to the lungs and passes these to the brain and optic nerves. When the optic nerve weakens gradually as the eye.

Digestion is part of an organic and psychic. It has been shown that good thoughts and good feelings have a positive influence on the digestive system and evil thoughts and feelings, an adverse effect. Gluttony and excessive desire of pleasure in humans disturb the digestive system. When the stomach is not working properly, the brain system is also disturbed.

The energy in nature comes from two main sources: the center of the sun and the center of the earth. The predominant energy in nature is that which comes from the center of the sun. When the sun's energy is absorbed more by the head, the brain becomes very active. If this energy is absorbed more by the stomach, the stomach becomes very active. In this case the brain is demagnetized, weakens and get a headache. To prevent this, the superfluous energy of the stomach must be transmitted somehow back to the brain. To redistribute the energy regularly in all parts of the body to do gymnastics hidden.

Signs and symptoms of the disease

Clinical, clinical or only "clinical" is a meaningful context or framework, defined by the relationship between signs and symptoms that occur in a given disease (in fact, presented by the patient). The clinical semiology is the tool for defining a clinical picture, which can be distinguished:

Symptoms are the subjective reference which gives the patient on the perception of the manifestations of the condition being treated. Symptoms are the patient's statement about what happens (see history). Symptoms, subjective, they are a very variable, sometimes unreliable and not very accurate, many times, its interpretation can be difficult. Still, its value in the diagnosis is certain. Pain is the main symptom that leads the individual to seek medical attention.

Clinical signs: These are the indications from the psychophysical investigation or examination of the patient. Clinical signs are sensory elements (related to the senses) are collected from the patient's biology from observing, smelling, palpation, percussion and auscultation, as well as the application of certain maneuvers. Each sign is fully in meaning, it has a particular interpretation as a semiotic context.

poisoned children

Poisoning is the body's reaction to the entry of any hazardous substance (poison) that causes injury or illness and occasionally death. The degree of toxicity varies by age, sex, nutritional status, pathways, and concentration of the poison.

A toxic substance is any solid, liquid or gaseous at a given concentration can harm living things.

Causes of poisoning.

Poisonings may result from:

Excessive doses of medication or drugs.

Improper storage of drugs and poisons.

Improper use of insecticides, pulgicidas, cosmetics, petroleum products, paints and cleaning solutions. By inhalation of toxic gases.

Food consumption in the process of decomposition or canned goods that are blown or use date overdue. Handling or consumption of poisonous plants. Alcohol drinking especially adulterated.